Population: 31.6 million
Area: 652,864 sq km, or 251,827 sq miles
Main languages: Dari, Pashto
Primary religion: Islam
Life expectancy: Men = 59 years, women = 62 years
Geography: Landlocked, mountainous
Current leader: President Ghani (since September 2014)
Bordering countries: Iran, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and (via a very narrow corridor) Xinjiang Province, China.
Stability: weak, the country’s recent history is laden with war and civil unrest.
Debt: As of 2018, Afghanistan had $1.353 million of public debt.
Academic Research 